OBJECTIVES: To perform a historicalreview of varicocele and male infertility with the aim tofind descriptions that first related them. In parallel, wereview the evolution of treatment for varicocele up todate.METHODS/RESULTS: We refer to multiple authors andtheir treaties on Medicine, from first to 20th Century, inwhich descriptions of these pathologies are found, focusingon descriptions of the surgical technique for treatment ofvaricocele and their application in Spain.CONCLUSIONS: Varicocele was already described intreaties from the first century, having bee of n its treatmentpredominantly surgical from the first description to ourdays. Not identified as a cause of infertility until late,by the end of the 19th century, it is the main indicationfor treatment nowadays. The surgical technique hassuffered many modifications over time, both in theapproach as in the “radicality” of a vascular ligatureapplied.to predominantemente quirúrgico desde su primeradescripción hasta nuestros tiempos. Su identificacióncomo causa de infertilidad fue tardía, finales siglo XIX,siendo ésta la principal indicación de tratamiento en laactualidad. La técnica quirúrgica empleada ha sufridomúltiples modificaciones a lo largo de los tiempos,tanto en la vía de abordaje como en la “radicalidad”de la ligadura vascular applied.